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| Acne, or acne vulgaris, which is also been called blackheads, blemishes, whiteheads, pimples or zits, is a skin problem commonly seen in adolescence. Acne affects mostly skin with the densest population of sebaceous follicles, such as the face, neck, upper part of the chest, and back. Its symptoms are various depend on how serious the acnes are, including harmless, noninflammmatory or inflammat... more |
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| Human brain is the most remarkable hallmark that differentiates human from other animal, including non-human primates. Over the centuries, numerous researches have been conducted to try to find out the secrets behind the dramatic increase in brain size and its sophisticated cognitive abilities. But, unfortunately, due to the complexity of brain and the ethical issue, little has been known, espe... more |
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| Trefoil factors (TFF) are multi-functional peptides that are synthesized and secreted by mucin-secreting epithelial cells in amphibians and vertebrates. They are highly conserved in evolution, and are characterized by heat and enzymatic digestion resistance. Mammalian TFFs have three members (TFF1-3), the gastric peptides pS2/TFF1 and spasmolytic peptide (SP)/TFF2, and the intestinal trefoil fa... more |
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| Mutualisms—relationships whereby two organisms live in tandem with one another, each providing a service to the other—are among the most interesting and complex relationships in nature. These kinds of relationships are generally considered cooperative interactions, whereby each of the organisms incurs substantial cost in trading services with its partner in order for each of them to gain some... more |
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| Fueled both by rapid economic growth and shifting demographics, by 2012, China’s population had exceeded 1.3 Billion, living standards had risen markedly since the 1980s, and nearly half of all Chinese citizens lived in newly built urban areas. As the world watches these massive shifts and debates the nature of the “Chinese Economic Miracle,” an equally fundamental but less visible change ha... more |
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